{"id":410,"date":"2026-02-06T10:12:08","date_gmt":"2026-02-06T07:12:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/?p=410"},"modified":"2026-02-06T10:12:10","modified_gmt":"2026-02-06T07:12:10","slug":"predvaritelnyj-dogovor-umowa-przedwstepna-pri-pokupke-nedvizhimosti-v-polshe-polnyj-gid-dlya-pokupatelej-i-prodavczov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/o-nedvizhimosti\/predvaritelnyj-dogovor-umowa-przedwstepna-pri-pokupke-nedvizhimosti-v-polshe-polnyj-gid-dlya-pokupatelej-i-prodavczov\/","title":{"rendered":"Preliminary Agreement (umowa przedwst\u0119pna) When Buying Real Estate in Poland \u2013 A Complete Guide for Buyers and Sellers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/uslugi\/pokupka-i-prodazha-nedvizhimosti\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"16\">Buying real estate in Poland<\/a> almost always begins not with the main sales contract, but with <strong>preliminary agreement \u2014 umowa przedwst\u0119pna<\/strong>.<br>This document plays a key role in the transaction: it sets out the terms of the purchase, the price, the terms and protects both parties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this detailed guide we will cover:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>What is a preliminary agreement in Poland?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>when it is signed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>what must be written down<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>when it is not necessary to sign it<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Do you need a notary?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>deposit and advance payment<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>risks for the buyer and seller<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The article will be useful for foreigners, investors and anyone planning <a href=\"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/uslugi\/pokupka-i-prodazha-nedvizhimosti\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"16\">purchase of an apartment, house or plot of land in Poland.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is a preliminary agreement (umowa przedwst\u0119pna)<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Umowa przedwst\u0119pna<\/strong> \u2014 is a preliminary agreement between the buyer and seller of real estate, in which the parties undertake to sign the main purchase and sale agreement (umowa przyrzeczona) in the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To put it simply:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 This is a legal promise that the transaction will take place<br>\ud83d\udc49 The terms of the deal are fixed<br>\ud83d\udc49 Deadlines are being set<br>\ud83d\udc49 Often transmitted<a href=\"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/o-nedvizhimosti\/zadatek-i-zaliczka-pri-pokupke-nedvizhimosti-v-polshe-v-chem-raznicza-i-chto-nuzhno-znat-pokupatelyu\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"340\"> deposit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Once such an agreement is signed, both parties are already legally bound.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why is a preliminary agreement necessary?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>In Poland, real estate transactions rarely happen immediately. Reasons:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>buyer <a href=\"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/uslugi\/ipotechnoe-soprovozhdenie\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"18\">takes out a mortgage<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The seller needs time to leave<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>documents are being checked<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the facility is still under construction<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>certificates and extracts are issued<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, the preliminary agreement:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2714 fixes the price<br>\u2714 &quot;reserves&quot; an apartment<br>\u2714 protects against failure of the parties<br>\u2714 fixes deadlines<br>\u2714 provides grounds for demanding a transaction through the court<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is standard practice in the Polish real estate market.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When signing umowa przedwst\u0119pna<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>A preliminary agreement is signed when:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. The buyer has found an object and wants to secure it<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To prevent the seller from selling to another.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. The buyer takes out a mortgage<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The bank requires a preliminary agreement to issue a loan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. The deal is postponed for a while<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The seller is waiting for a new apartment<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the facility is still under construction<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>I need to collect documents<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Purchase from the developer<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Almost always, a preliminary agreement is signed first; for the developer, depending on the stage of construction, this is called a rezerwacyjna or a deweloperska agreement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What must be included in the contract?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>A good umowa przedwst\u0119pna is a document that is as detailed as possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Basic information of the parties<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>first and last name<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PESEL or passport<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>address<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>marital status<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Property Description<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>address<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>number <a href=\"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/o-nedvizhimosti\/ksiega-wieczysta-chto-eto-takoe-i-pochemu-bez-neyo-nelzya-pokupat-nedvizhimost-v-polshe\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"352\">ksi\u0119gi wieczystej<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>square<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>floor<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>type of real estate<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>parking, storage room, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Real estate price<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The following must be indicated:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>full cost<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>currency (usually PLN)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>payment method<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>through <a href=\"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/uslugi\/ipotechnoe-soprovozhdenie\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"18\">credit<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/finansy\/mozhno-li-kupit-kvartiru-v-polshe-za-nalichnye-v-2026-godu\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"344\">cash<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Deposit (zadatek) or advance payment (zaliczka)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A very important point.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Usually:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>5\u201310% cost<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sometimes more<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The difference is <a href=\"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/o-nedvizhimosti\/zadatek-i-zaliczka-pri-pokupke-nedvizhimosti-v-polshe-v-chem-raznicza-i-chto-nuzhno-znat-pokupatelyu\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"340\"><strong>this article<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Deadline for signing the main agreement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For example:<br>\u201cThe notarial agreement will be signed by June 30, 2026.\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Termination conditions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When can you exit a trade without penalties:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>bank loan refusal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>problems with documents<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>legal defects<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Transfer of the apartment<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>date of handover of keys<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>condition of the apartment<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Will the furniture stay or not?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fines<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>What happens if:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>the buyer changed his mind<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the seller changed his mind<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">To sign with a notary or not to sign<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>There are two options.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Ordinary written form<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The most common option.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can sign:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>at the realtor&#039;s<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Houses<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>at the agency<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Pros:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>cheaper<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>faster<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Cons:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is impossible to force a sale through the courts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>just demand compensation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Notarial preliminary agreement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Stronger protection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If the seller changes his mind -<br>You can force them to sell the apartment through the court.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The notary makes an entry in ksi\u0119ga wieczysta (optional).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pros:<br>\u2714 Maximum buyer protection<br>\u2714 You can demand the transfer of real estate through the court<br>\u2714 Security for large amounts<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cons:<br>\u2716 costs money (usually 2000+ z\u0142)<br>\u2716 Longer processing time<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When a notary is required<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Not required by law.<br>But it is recommended if:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>expensive real estate<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>new building<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>foreign buyer<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>long period before the deal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>large deposit<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>risk of seller refusal<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For investors, the notarized option is almost always better.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When a preliminary agreement can be omitted<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Sometimes the transaction is done directly at the notary&#039;s office.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is possible if:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>the buyer pays in cash<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the documents are ready<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>no one is expecting a mortgage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the apartment is available<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the parties are ready immediately<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>But in practice this rarely happens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Risks of improper umowa przedwst\u0119pna<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Bad contract = risk of losing money.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Common mistakes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u274c didn&#039;t check <a href=\"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/o-nedvizhimosti\/ksiega-wieczysta-chto-eto-takoe-i-pochemu-bez-neyo-nelzya-pokupat-nedvizhimost-v-polshe\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"352\">ksi\u0119ga wieczysta<\/a><br>\u274c there is no clause about <a href=\"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/uslugi\/ipotechnoe-soprovozhdenie\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"18\">credit<\/a><br>\u274c <a href=\"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/o-nedvizhimosti\/zadatek-i-zaliczka-pri-pokupke-nedvizhimosti-v-polshe-v-chem-raznicza-i-chto-nuzhno-znat-pokupatelyu\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"340\">deposit<\/a> unconditionally<br>\u274c no deadlines<br>\u274c Fines are not specified<br>\u274c Apartment debts<br>\u274c registered residents<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Before signing, it is always worth:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>check documents<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>check the owner<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>check <a href=\"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/uslugi\/ipotechnoe-soprovozhdenie\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"18\">mortgage<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>check debts<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What to check before signing<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>The buyer must:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Check <a href=\"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/o-nedvizhimosti\/ksiega-wieczysta-chto-eto-takoe-i-pochemu-bez-neyo-nelzya-pokupat-nedvizhimost-v-polshe\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"352\">ksi\u0119ga wieczysta<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>owner<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mortgage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>arrests<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>debts<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Check the seller<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>is it really the owner<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>spouse&#039;s consent<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>powers of attorney<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Check the object<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>registered people<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tenants<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>utility debts<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>illegal redevelopment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Advice from a realtor<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2714 Never sign a contract without checking the documents<br>\u2714 It would be better to add a clause about the bank&#039;s refusal<br>\u2714 Always read each point<br>\u2714 Don&#039;t pay a deposit without a contract<br>\u2714 For expensive properties, a notary is required<br>\u2714 Work with an agent or lawyer<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Result<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Umowa przedwst\u0119pna<\/strong> - one of the most important documents when <a href=\"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/uslugi\/pokupka-i-prodazha-nedvizhimosti\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"16\">purchasing real estate in Poland.<\/a><br>It protects both the buyer and the seller, fixing the price and terms of the transaction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A well-drafted preliminary agreement:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>protects money<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>reduces risks<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>guarantees the deal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>gives legal force<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>If you&#039;re planning to purchase an apartment, house, or investment property in Poland, don&#039;t treat this document too formally.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It&#039;s better to spend time on the right contract than to resolve problems through the courts later.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Need help buying real estate in Poland?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>We will help:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>check the apartment<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>prepare umowa przedwst\u0119pna<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>transaction support<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mortgage for foreigners<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>real estate investments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/kontakty\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"30\">Write to us - we will select a safe option and conduct the transaction from viewing to keys.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Buying real estate in Poland almost always begins not with the main purchase and sale agreement, but with a preliminary agreement \u2013 umowa przedwst\u0119pna. This document<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":411,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-410","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-o-nedvizhimosti"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/410","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=410"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/410\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":412,"href":"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/410\/revisions\/412"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/411"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=410"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=410"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rutkowskihome.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=410"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}